10.1. Features of a design
Electric equipment of the car is executed according to the single-wire scheme: negative conclusions of sources and consumers of the electric power are connected to "weight". Function of the second wire is performed by a car body. Electric chains of a control system of the engine are executed according to the multiwire scheme and connected to "mass" of the car. Food of consumers is carried out from the rechargeable battery (at the idle engine) and the generator (at the working engine).
For switching of the main chains of the car the combined switch (lock) of ignition consisting of a contact part and the mechanical anti-theft device with the lock serves. Switches of external lighting and fog light are united in the control unit of external lighting.
The switch of operating modes of the electric fan of a heater, the switch of heating of back glass and the switch of the alarm system are located on an overlay of the console of the dashboard. Switches of headlights, indexes of turn, a cleaner and washer are united in the block of understeering switches. Electroconsumers of big power join via electromagnetic relays.
Schemes of electric equipment of the car are provided in the end of the book.
Preventions
You carry out any works with electric equipment of the car only at the switched-off rechargeable battery.
It is possible to disconnect or connect the rechargeable battery only at the switched-off ignition.
When checking chains of electric equipment it is forbidden to close on "mass" of a wire (to check serviceability of chains "for a spark") as it can lead to failure of elements of electric equipment.
It is forbidden to apply the safety locks which are not provided by a design of the car or calculated on bigger current and also to use a wire instead of safety locks.
When replacing safety locks it is forbidden to use screw-drivers as it can lead to short circuit in electric equipment chains.
It is forbidden to disconnect the rechargeable battery at the working engine in order to avoid failure of the regulator of tension and elements of the electronic equipment of the car.
When carrying out electrowelding works on the car it is necessary to disconnect wires from plugs of the rechargeable battery, the generator and the controller.
Regularly clear plugs of the rechargeable battery and tips of wires of oxides and dirt.
At recharge of the rechargeable battery by means of the charger disconnect car electric equipment wires from battery plugs.
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